The giant planet, discovered through mathematical modeling and computer simulations, is nicknamed Planet Nine and traces a bizarre, highly elongated orbit in the outer solar system.
Fifty years ago, Caltech and its self-styled Infrared Army of experimental physicists and astronomers helped to found the discipline of infrared astronomy.
Using data from the W. M. Keck Observatory's OSIRIS spectrometer and maps from NASA's Galileo probe, researchers have mapped what may be salt deposits from the ocean below the ice onto the Jovian moon's surface.